EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN ACTIVE GEOPHYSICAL ROCKET EXPERIMENTS OF PHYSICAL EFFECTS ARISING FROM PLASMA FLOWS IN THE IONOSPHERE AND MAGNETOSPHERE OF THE EARTH

One of the fundamental problems of astrophysics and geophysics is the study of processes in the external and internal magnetosphere and ionosphere of the Earth related to energy transfer in the system of solar wind - magnetosphere and plasmasphere - ionosphere. The most important agent of energy transfer in this system is plasma flows interacting with the background plasma and magnetic field. Their direct study using spacecrafts is not possible with today›s technical capabilities. Under these conditions, active plasma experiments are of paramount importance. This direction is being successfully developed in IDG RAS, and the foundation for setting experiments, development of initial data and the necessary technical and measuring instruments is the experience of many years of research in the field of explosion physics, conducted in the Special Sector of the Institute of Chemical Physics of RAS, and then in the Special Sector of the Institute of Physics of the Earth RAS and in the Institute of Geospheres Dynamics RAS under the leadership of Academician M.A. Sadovsky. The results of the experiments conducted in cooperation with scientific organizations of the Russian Federation and the USA made it possible for the first time in a real geophysical environment to carry out complex multipoint measurements of plasma parameters both inside the plasma flow and remotely. The analysis of the results of the experiments showed that their schemes, parameters of explosive plasma generators, diagnostic equipment allowed to study the most important and still being the subject of active study the effects of interaction of natural ionospheric plasma flows with the background medium and geomagnetic field, their spatial and temporal distribution, main parameters and results of influence on the geophysical environment.